ISOGG 2010 Y-DNA Haplogroup R

ISOGG 2010 Y-DNA Haplogroup R (link)

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It's now official, all R-M124 (previously R2) are now R2a.
• R2 M479
• • R2* -
• • R2a L266, M124, P249, P267

All R2's may now be known as R2a

An unannounced finding within the supplementary information of a study on R1b suggests that haplogroup R2 may now be known as R2a, and most R* are likely to be R2*.

Besides Pakistan, other South Asian countries were not included in the study(presumably since R1b is mostly absent in South Asia). It is evident that the frequency of the new R2, R2*-M479, increases further east(as with 'R2a') and is highest in northern Pakistan. This finding further corroborates my assumption that R2 originated somewhere near Northern India/Af-Pak. However, it's to early to know for sure since further tests should be done around the entire sub-continent.

Within the study R2*-M479 were found in these places.

• Portugal, Lisbon - 1%
• Spain - Andalusia, Sevilla - 1%
• Tatars (Bashkortostan, Russia) - 3%
• Italy North - 0.8%
• Osetins South (South Caucasus) - 4%
• Pakistan North - 7%

R2-M124 was found in these places:

• Italy - 2.9%
• Italy North - 0.8%
• Greece - 1%
• Avars (Northeast Caucasus) - 2%
• Kumyks (Northeast Caucasus) - 3%
• Megrels (South Caucasus) - 2%
• Cherkessians (Northwest Caucasus) - 1%
• Pakistan North - 5%
• Pakistan South - 10%
• Palestine - 2%
• Turkey  - 1%
• Turkey (Cappadocia) - 2%
• Iran - 1%

R2-M124 is downstream to R2-M479, so it is assumed that R2 will soon be known as R2a. Here is the new haplogroup R-tree:

Source:

A major Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b Holocene era founder effect in Central and Western Europe

Geographical Distribution of the Subclades of Y-DNA Haplogroup R

Images from Genebase.com: Link

Phylogenetic tree of human Y-chromosome haplogroups observed in Eurasians

 

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A couple of things I notice on the chart:

1. R2 is shown as younger than R1/R1a/R1b, which I think is probably true.
2. An Asian source for all Europeans - excluding haplogroup E.

link

Haplogroup R and Subclades on FTDNA

 

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Haplogroup R and subclades of people tested at FTDNA.